# Send a debt to protest

> How to choose who goes to the notary, what the review window asks for, and why some rows come up blocked.

## What you will get done

Sending a debt to protest once every friendly route has been exhausted — and
understanding why some rows on the list will not let you.

Protest is the last step of collection. It costs money, it affects the student's
name, and undoing it costs as well. That is why nothing here happens on its own:
every send goes through a review screen and a confirmation recorded under your
name.

## Before you start

**The registry service has to be connected.** Without it the menu does not even
appear. If you cannot find **Delinquency 90+** under **Contracts**, start with
the connection article.

**The rules have to be set** in **Settings › Penalty and protest**: how many days
overdue and from what amount a debt joins the list.

## Who ends up on the list

**Contracts › Delinquency 90+** gathers the instalments that crossed the two
limits you configured. A line at the bottom of the list reminds you which ones
they are.

It includes overdue instalments from active enrolments and leftover debt from
cancelled ones alike. Both are money still owed.

At the top, four numbers summarise the picture: **To send**, **At the notary**,
**Returned** and **Not protestable**.

![Delinquency panel with four totals at the top and the list of instalments, showing blocked rows with their reason and sent rows with the title number](/Apps/edupay/ajuda/protesto-painel-90.png)

*Notice that only the first two rows have a checkbox: the rest are blocked, and
the reason is written under the badge.*

## Why a row comes up blocked

Not every old debt can go to a notary. When it cannot, the row stays on the list
— but without its checkbox, marked **Not protestable** and with the reason
written underneath. That is deliberate: it tells you what to fix.

| What it says | What fixes it |
|---|---|
| **student under legal age** | Nothing. Protest requires legal age |
| **no tax ID on file** | Fill in the student's tax ID |
| **incomplete address** | Complete postcode, street, district, state and city |
| **past the deadline** | Nothing. The debt grew too old for that state's notary |
| **contract is not accepted in SP** | Switch the title kind to service invoice |

The first three are fixed on the student record. The last two are not your
mistake — they are notary rules, and each one is worth understanding.

**Past the deadline.** Notaries refuse debt that is too old, and the limit depends
on the state where the **student** lives. In most of Brazil it is 12 months from
the due date; in ten states the window is longer. Since the list starts at 90
days, that usually leaves around nine months to act.

**Contract not accepted.** São Paulo notaries do not accept a contract as the
document behind the debt. For a student living there the kind has to be service
invoice — and it is the student's municipality that decides, not the school's.

## Step by step

**1. Open `Contracts › Delinquency 90+`.**

**2. Tick the instalments that go to the notary.** Only unblocked rows have a
checkbox.

**3. Click Send to protest.** The **Review before sending to protest** window
opens.

**4. Check what it says.** This is exactly what the notary will receive, and that
snapshot is kept even if the record changes later. Look closely at the **tax ID**
and the **address**: the document identifies the person, and the municipality
decides which notary gets the title.

![Review window with the debtor details, the amount, the due date and the line showing the document that backs the debt](/Apps/edupay/ajuda/protesto-revisao-envio.png)

*Look at the **document that backs the debt** line. When the amber badge reads
"no signed contract", the title goes without an attachment — and the contract is
exactly what proves the debt if the student disputes it.*

**5. Tick the confirmation.** *"I confirm the debt is legitimate and that friendly
collection has already been attempted."* Without it the send will not go through.

**6. Click Send to protest.**

> **Each instalment is one title, and each title carries a fee.** Selecting twelve
> instalments from the same student means twelve filings and twelve fees. If the
> intent is to apply pressure, one instalment usually does it.

## The weight of that confirmation

The tick box is not a formality. When you tick it, the system records who
confirmed, when and from where — and that record is what defends the school if
the protest is challenged later.

Only tick it if both things are true: the debt exists, and the school already
tried the normal collection routes.

## How to know it worked

> [certo]
> The row gets a number in the **Title** column — something like `P26000001` — and
> the status turns into a blue button reading **AGUARDANDO_COLETA**. That number
> is how the service and the notary know this debt.

The send runs in the background, so it may take a few seconds. Refresh the page if
the number has not shown up yet.

From there the status changes on its own as the notary works. The tracking article
walks through each stage.

## If something goes wrong

> [erro]
> **The instalment disappeared from the list after I fixed the record.** It is
> still there — it most likely moved, since the list is sorted by due date. Look
> for the student's name.
>
> **I ticked the confirmation and the button still will not send.** Check whether
> a selected row became blocked in the meantime. The window tells you which one.
>
> **The status stalled and a warning appeared on the title page.** The send failed
> and the reason is written on the timeline at the bottom. It is almost always
> debtor data the notary would not accept. Fix it and resend.
>
> **The screen is up but the send button will not click.** The registry
> authorisation expired. The list still works for checking records; sending comes
> back once somebody reconnects.


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https://edupay.estudiosite.com/en/ajuda/day-to-day/send-a-debt-to-protest
2026-08-14